非常教程

Ruby 2.4参考手册

OpenSSL

OpenSSL::PKCS7

父类:Object

常量

迹象

属性

dataR

error_stringRW

公共类方法

加密(证书,数据,[,密码,标志])→pkcs7显示源

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_s_encrypt(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
    VALUE certs, data, cipher, flags;
    STACK_OF(X509) *x509s;
    BIO *in;
    const EVP_CIPHER *ciph;
    int flg, status = 0;
    VALUE ret;
    PKCS7 *p7;

    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "22", &certs, &data, &cipher, &flags);
    if(NIL_P(cipher)){
#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC2)
        ciph = EVP_rc2_40_cbc();
#elif !defined(OPENSSL_NO_DES)
        ciph = EVP_des_ede3_cbc();
#elif !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC2)
        ciph = EVP_rc2_40_cbc();
#elif !defined(OPENSSL_NO_AES)
        ciph = EVP_EVP_aes_128_cbc();
#else
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, "Must specify cipher");
#endif

    }
    else ciph = GetCipherPtr(cipher); /* NO NEED TO DUP */
    flg = NIL_P(flags) ? 0 : NUM2INT(flags);
    ret = NewPKCS7(cPKCS7);
    in = ossl_obj2bio(data);
    x509s = ossl_protect_x509_ary2sk(certs, &status);
    if(status){
        BIO_free(in);
        rb_jump_tag(status);
    }
    if(!(p7 = PKCS7_encrypt(x509s, in, (EVP_CIPHER*)ciph, flg))){
        BIO_free(in);
        sk_X509_pop_free(x509s, X509_free);
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }
    BIO_free(in);
    SetPKCS7(ret, p7);
    ossl_pkcs7_set_data(ret, data);
    sk_X509_pop_free(x509s, X509_free);

    return ret;
}

new→pkcs7显示源

new(string) → pkcs7

这个类中的许多方法都没有记录。

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    PKCS7 *p7, *pkcs = DATA_PTR(self);
    BIO *in;
    VALUE arg;

    if(rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &arg) == 0)
        return self;
    arg = ossl_to_der_if_possible(arg);
    in = ossl_obj2bio(arg);
    p7 = PEM_read_bio_PKCS7(in, &pkcs, NULL, NULL);
    if (!p7) {
        OSSL_BIO_reset(in);
        p7 = d2i_PKCS7_bio(in, &pkcs);
        if (!p7) {
            BIO_free(in);
            PKCS7_free(pkcs);
            DATA_PTR(self) = NULL;
            ossl_raise(rb_eArgError, "Could not parse the PKCS7");
        }
    }
    DATA_PTR(self) = pkcs;
    BIO_free(in);
    ossl_pkcs7_set_data(self, Qnil);
    ossl_pkcs7_set_err_string(self, Qnil);

    return self;
}

read_smime(string)→pkcs7显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_s_read_smime(VALUE klass, VALUE arg)
{
    BIO *in, *out;
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;
    VALUE ret, data;

    ret = NewPKCS7(cPKCS7);
    in = ossl_obj2bio(arg);
    out = NULL;
    pkcs7 = SMIME_read_PKCS7(in, &out);
    BIO_free(in);
    if(!pkcs7) ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    data = out ? ossl_membio2str(out) : Qnil;
    SetPKCS7(ret, pkcs7);
    ossl_pkcs7_set_data(ret, data);
    ossl_pkcs7_set_err_string(ret, Qnil);

    return ret;
}

签名(证书,密钥,数据,[,证书,标志])→pkcs7显示源

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_s_sign(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
    VALUE cert, key, data, certs, flags;
    X509 *x509;
    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
    BIO *in;
    STACK_OF(X509) *x509s;
    int flg, status = 0;
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;
    VALUE ret;

    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "32", &cert, &key, &data, &certs, &flags);
    x509 = GetX509CertPtr(cert); /* NO NEED TO DUP */
    pkey = GetPrivPKeyPtr(key); /* NO NEED TO DUP */
    flg = NIL_P(flags) ? 0 : NUM2INT(flags);
    ret = NewPKCS7(cPKCS7);
    in = ossl_obj2bio(data);
    if(NIL_P(certs)) x509s = NULL;
    else{
        x509s = ossl_protect_x509_ary2sk(certs, &status);
        if(status){
            BIO_free(in);
            rb_jump_tag(status);
        }
    }
    if(!(pkcs7 = PKCS7_sign(x509, pkey, x509s, in, flg))){
        BIO_free(in);
        sk_X509_pop_free(x509s, X509_free);
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }
    SetPKCS7(ret, pkcs7);
    ossl_pkcs7_set_data(ret, data);
    ossl_pkcs7_set_err_string(ret, Qnil);
    BIO_free(in);
    sk_X509_pop_free(x509s, X509_free);

    return ret;
}

write_smime(pkcs7 [,data,flags])→字符串显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_s_write_smime(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
    VALUE pkcs7, data, flags;
    BIO *out, *in;
    PKCS7 *p7;
    VALUE str;
    int flg;

    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "12", &pkcs7, &data, &flags);
    flg = NIL_P(flags) ? 0 : NUM2INT(flags);
    if(NIL_P(data)) data = ossl_pkcs7_get_data(pkcs7);
    SafeGetPKCS7(pkcs7, p7);
    if(!NIL_P(data) && PKCS7_is_detached(p7))
        flg |= PKCS7_DETACHED;
    in = NIL_P(data) ? NULL : ossl_obj2bio(data);
    if(!(out = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem()))){
        BIO_free(in);
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }
    if(!SMIME_write_PKCS7(out, p7, in, flg)){
        BIO_free(out);
        BIO_free(in);
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }
    BIO_free(in);
    str = ossl_membio2str(out);

    return str;
}

公共实例方法

add_certificate(p1)显示源

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_add_certificate(VALUE self, VALUE cert)
{
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;
    X509 *x509;

    GetPKCS7(self, pkcs7);
    x509 = GetX509CertPtr(cert);  /* NO NEED TO DUP */
    if (!PKCS7_add_certificate(pkcs7, x509)){
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }

    return self;
}

add_crl(p1)显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_add_crl(VALUE self, VALUE crl)
{
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;
    X509_CRL *x509crl;

    GetPKCS7(self, pkcs7); /* NO DUP needed! */
    x509crl = GetX509CRLPtr(crl);
    if (!PKCS7_add_crl(pkcs7, x509crl)) {
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }

    return self;
}

add_data(p1)显示源

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_add_data(VALUE self, VALUE data)
{
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;
    BIO *out, *in;
    char buf[4096];
    int len;

    GetPKCS7(self, pkcs7);
    if(PKCS7_type_is_signed(pkcs7)){
        if(!PKCS7_content_new(pkcs7, NID_pkcs7_data))
            ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }
    in = ossl_obj2bio(data);
    if(!(out = PKCS7_dataInit(pkcs7, NULL))) goto err;
    for(;;){
        if((len = BIO_read(in, buf, sizeof(buf))) <= 0)
            break;
        if(BIO_write(out, buf, len) != len)
            goto err;
    }
    if(!PKCS7_dataFinal(pkcs7, out)) goto err;
    ossl_pkcs7_set_data(self, Qnil);

 err:
    BIO_free_all(out);
    BIO_free(in);
    if(ERR_peek_error()){
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }

    return data;
}

另外别名为:data =

add_recipient(p1)显示源

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_add_recipient(VALUE self, VALUE recip)
{
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;
    PKCS7_RECIP_INFO *ri;

    ri = DupPKCS7RecipientPtr(recip); /* NEED TO DUP */
    GetPKCS7(self, pkcs7);
    if (!PKCS7_add_recipient_info(pkcs7, ri)) {
        PKCS7_RECIP_INFO_free(ri);
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, "Could not add recipient.");
    }

    return self;
}

add_signer(p1)显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_add_signer(VALUE self, VALUE signer)
{
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;
    PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO *p7si;

    p7si = DupPKCS7SignerPtr(signer); /* NEED TO DUP */
    GetPKCS7(self, pkcs7);
    if (!PKCS7_add_signer(pkcs7, p7si)) {
        PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO_free(p7si);
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, "Could not add signer.");
    }
    if (PKCS7_type_is_signed(pkcs7)){
        PKCS7_add_signed_attribute(p7si, NID_pkcs9_contentType,
                                   V_ASN1_OBJECT, OBJ_nid2obj(NID_pkcs7_data));
    }

    return self;
}

证书()显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_get_certificates(VALUE self)
{
    return ossl_x509_sk2ary(pkcs7_get_certs(self));
}

证书=(p1)显示源

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_set_certificates(VALUE self, VALUE ary)
{
    STACK_OF(X509) *certs;
    X509 *cert;

    certs = pkcs7_get_certs(self);
    while((cert = sk_X509_pop(certs))) X509_free(cert);
    rb_block_call(ary, rb_intern("each"), 0, 0, ossl_pkcs7_set_certs_i, self);

    return ary;
}

cipher =(p1)显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_set_cipher(VALUE self, VALUE cipher)
{
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;

    GetPKCS7(self, pkcs7);
    if (!PKCS7_set_cipher(pkcs7, GetCipherPtr(cipher))) {
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }

    return cipher;
}

crls()显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_get_crls(VALUE self)
{
    return ossl_x509crl_sk2ary(pkcs7_get_crls(self));
}

crls =(p1)显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_set_crls(VALUE self, VALUE ary)
{
    STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *crls;
    X509_CRL *crl;

    crls = pkcs7_get_crls(self);
    while((crl = sk_X509_CRL_pop(crls))) X509_CRL_free(crl);
    rb_block_call(ary, rb_intern("each"), 0, 0, ossl_pkcs7_set_crls_i, self);

    return ary;
}

data=(p1)

别名为:add_data

解密(p1,p2,p3 = v3)显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_decrypt(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE pkey, cert, flags;
    EVP_PKEY *key;
    X509 *x509;
    int flg;
    PKCS7 *p7;
    BIO *out;
    VALUE str;

    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "21", &pkey, &cert, &flags);
    key = GetPrivPKeyPtr(pkey); /* NO NEED TO DUP */
    x509 = GetX509CertPtr(cert); /* NO NEED TO DUP */
    flg = NIL_P(flags) ? 0 : NUM2INT(flags);
    GetPKCS7(self, p7);
    if(!(out = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem())))
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    if(!PKCS7_decrypt(p7, key, x509, out, flg)){
        BIO_free(out);
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }
    str = ossl_membio2str(out); /* out will be free */

    return str;
}

detached()显示源代码

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_get_detached(VALUE self)
{
    PKCS7 *p7;
    GetPKCS7(self, p7);
    return PKCS7_get_detached(p7) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}

detached =(p1)显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_set_detached(VALUE self, VALUE flag)
{
    PKCS7 *p7;

    GetPKCS7(self, p7);
    if(flag != Qtrue && flag != Qfalse)
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, "must specify a boolean");
    if(!PKCS7_set_detached(p7, flag == Qtrue ? 1 : 0))
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);

    return flag;
}

分离?()显示源

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_detached_p(VALUE self)
{
    PKCS7 *p7;
    GetPKCS7(self, p7);
    return PKCS7_is_detached(p7) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}

收件人()显示源

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_get_recipient(VALUE self)
{
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;
    STACK_OF(PKCS7_RECIP_INFO) *sk;
    PKCS7_RECIP_INFO *si;
    int num, i;
    VALUE ary;

    GetPKCS7(self, pkcs7);
    if (PKCS7_type_is_enveloped(pkcs7))
        sk = pkcs7->d.enveloped->recipientinfo;
    else if (PKCS7_type_is_signedAndEnveloped(pkcs7))
        sk = pkcs7->d.signed_and_enveloped->recipientinfo;
    else sk = NULL;
    if (!sk) return rb_ary_new();
    if ((num = sk_PKCS7_RECIP_INFO_num(sk)) < 0) {
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, "Negative number of recipient!");
    }
    ary = rb_ary_new2(num);
    for (i=0; i<num; i++) {
        si = sk_PKCS7_RECIP_INFO_value(sk, i);
        rb_ary_push(ary, ossl_pkcs7ri_new(si));
    }

    return ary;
}

signers()显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_get_signer(VALUE self)
{
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;
    STACK_OF(PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO) *sk;
    PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO *si;
    int num, i;
    VALUE ary;

    GetPKCS7(self, pkcs7);
    if (!(sk = PKCS7_get_signer_info(pkcs7))) {
        OSSL_Debug("OpenSSL::PKCS7#get_signer_info == NULL!");
        return rb_ary_new();
    }
    if ((num = sk_PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO_num(sk)) < 0) {
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, "Negative number of signers!");
    }
    ary = rb_ary_new2(num);
    for (i=0; i<num; i++) {
        si = sk_PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO_value(sk, i);
        rb_ary_push(ary, ossl_pkcs7si_new(si));
    }

    return ary;
}

to_der()显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_to_der(VALUE self)
{
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;
    VALUE str;
    long len;
    unsigned char *p;

    GetPKCS7(self, pkcs7);
    if((len = i2d_PKCS7(pkcs7, NULL)) <= 0)
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    str = rb_str_new(0, len);
    p = (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(str);
    if(i2d_PKCS7(pkcs7, &p) <= 0)
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    ossl_str_adjust(str, p);

    return str;
}

to_pem()显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_to_pem(VALUE self)
{
    PKCS7 *pkcs7;
    BIO *out;
    VALUE str;

    GetPKCS7(self, pkcs7);
    if (!(out = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem()))) {
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }
    if (!PEM_write_bio_PKCS7(out, pkcs7)) {
        BIO_free(out);
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }
    str = ossl_membio2str(out);

    return str;
}

另外别名为:to_s

to_s()

别名为:to_pem

键入→字符串或零显示源

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_get_type(VALUE self)
{
    PKCS7 *p7;

    GetPKCS7(self, p7);
    if(PKCS7_type_is_signed(p7))
        return ID2SYM(rb_intern("signed"));
    if(PKCS7_type_is_encrypted(p7))
        return ID2SYM(rb_intern("encrypted"));
    if(PKCS7_type_is_enveloped(p7))
        return ID2SYM(rb_intern("enveloped"));
    if(PKCS7_type_is_signedAndEnveloped(p7))
        return ID2SYM(rb_intern("signedAndEnveloped"));
    if(PKCS7_type_is_data(p7))
        return ID2SYM(rb_intern("data"));
    return Qnil;
}

type = type→type显示源文件

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_set_type(VALUE self, VALUE type)
{
    PKCS7 *p7;

    GetPKCS7(self, p7);
    if(!PKCS7_set_type(p7, ossl_pkcs7_sym2typeid(type)))
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);

    return type;
}

验证(p1,p2,p3 = v3,p4 = v4)显示源

static VALUE
ossl_pkcs7_verify(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE certs, store, indata, flags;
    STACK_OF(X509) *x509s;
    X509_STORE *x509st;
    int flg, ok, status = 0;
    BIO *in, *out;
    PKCS7 *p7;
    VALUE data;
    const char *msg;

    GetPKCS7(self, p7);
    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "22", &certs, &store, &indata, &flags);
    x509st = GetX509StorePtr(store);
    flg = NIL_P(flags) ? 0 : NUM2INT(flags);
    if(NIL_P(indata)) indata = ossl_pkcs7_get_data(self);
    in = NIL_P(indata) ? NULL : ossl_obj2bio(indata);
    if(NIL_P(certs)) x509s = NULL;
    else{
        x509s = ossl_protect_x509_ary2sk(certs, &status);
        if(status){
            BIO_free(in);
            rb_jump_tag(status);
        }
    }
    if(!(out = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem()))){
        BIO_free(in);
        sk_X509_pop_free(x509s, X509_free);
        ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, NULL);
    }
    ok = PKCS7_verify(p7, x509s, x509st, in, out, flg);
    BIO_free(in);
    sk_X509_pop_free(x509s, X509_free);
    if (ok < 0) ossl_raise(ePKCS7Error, "PKCS7_verify");
    msg = ERR_reason_error_string(ERR_peek_error());
    ossl_pkcs7_set_err_string(self, msg ? rb_str_new2(msg) : Qnil);
    ossl_clear_error();
    data = ossl_membio2str(out);
    ossl_pkcs7_set_data(self, data);

    return (ok == 1) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}

OpenSSL相关

1.OpenSSL::ASN1
2.OpenSSL::ASN1::ASN1Data
3.OpenSSL::ASN1::ASN1Error
4.OpenSSL::ASN1::Constructive
5.OpenSSL::ASN1::ObjectId
6.OpenSSL::ASN1::Primitive
7.OpenSSL::BN
8.OpenSSL::BNError
9.OpenSSL::Buffering
10.OpenSSL::Cipher
11.OpenSSL::Cipher::Cipher
12.OpenSSL::Config
13.OpenSSL::ConfigError
14.OpenSSL::Digest
15.OpenSSL::Digest::DigestError
16.OpenSSL::Engine
17.OpenSSL::Engine::EngineError
18.OpenSSL::ExtConfig
19.OpenSSL::HMAC
20.OpenSSL::HMACError
21.OpenSSL::Netscape
22.OpenSSL::Netscape::SPKI
23.OpenSSL::Netscape::SPKIError
24.OpenSSL::OCSP
25.OpenSSL::OCSP::BasicResponse
26.OpenSSL::OCSP::CertificateId
27.OpenSSL::OCSP::OCSPError
28.OpenSSL::OCSP::Request
29.OpenSSL::OCSP::Response
30.OpenSSL::OCSP::SingleResponse
31.OpenSSL::OpenSSLError
32.OpenSSL::PKCS12
33.OpenSSL::PKCS5
34.OpenSSL::PKCS5::PKCS5Error
35.OpenSSL::PKCS7::RecipientInfo
36.OpenSSL::PKCS7::SignerInfo
37.OpenSSL::PKey
38.OpenSSL::PKey::DH
39.OpenSSL::PKey::DHError
40.OpenSSL::PKey::DSA
41.OpenSSL::PKey::DSAError
42.OpenSSL::PKey::EC
43.OpenSSL::PKey::EC::Group
44.OpenSSL::PKey::EC::Point
45.OpenSSL::PKey::PKey
46.OpenSSL::PKey::PKeyError
47.OpenSSL::PKey::RSA
48.OpenSSL::PKey::RSAError
49.OpenSSL::Random
50.OpenSSL::SSL
51.OpenSSL::SSL::Session
52.OpenSSL::SSL::SocketForwarder
53.OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext
54.OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError
55.OpenSSL::SSL::SSLServer
56.OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket
57.OpenSSL::X509::Attribute
58.OpenSSL::X509::Certificate
59.OpenSSL::X509::CRL
60.OpenSSL::X509::Extension
61.OpenSSL::X509::ExtensionFactory
62.OpenSSL::X509::Name
63.OpenSSL::X509::Name::RFC2253DN
64.OpenSSL::X509::Request
65.OpenSSL::X509::Revoked
66.OpenSSL::X509::Store
67.OpenSSL::X509::StoreContext
Ruby 2.4

Ruby 是一种面向对象、命令式、函数式、动态的通用编程语言,是世界上最优美而巧妙的语言。

主页 https://www.ruby-lang.org/
源码 https://github.com/ruby/ruby
版本 2.4
发布版本 2.4.1

Ruby 2.4目录

1.缩略 | Abbrev
2.ARGF
3.数组 | Array
4.Base64
5.基本对象 | BasicObject
6.基准测试 | Benchmark
7.BigDecimal
8.绑定 | Binding
9.CGI
10.类 | Class
11.比较 | Comparable
12.负责 | Complex
13.计算续体 | Continuation
14.覆盖 | Coverage
15.CSV
16.日期 | Date
17.日期时间 | DateTime
18.DBM
19.代理 | Delegator
20.摘要 | Digest
21.Dir
22.DRb
23.编码 | Encoding
24.枚举 | Enumerable
25.枚举 | Enumerator
26.ENV
27.ERB
28.错误 | Errors
29.Etc
30.期望值 | Exception
31.错误类 | FalseClass
32.Fiber
33.Fiddle
34.文件 | File
35.文件实用程序 | FileUtils
36.查找 | Find
37.浮点 | Float
38.Forwardable
39.GC
40.GDBM
41.GetoptLong
42.Hash
43.Integer
44.IO
45.IPAddr
46.JSON
47.Kernel
48.语言 | 3Language
49.记录 | Logger
50.编排 | Marshal
51.MatchData
52.数学 | Math
53.矩阵 | Matrix
54.方法 | Method
55.模型 | Module
56.监控 | Monitor
57. 互斥 | Mutex
58.Net
59.Net::FTP
60.Net::HTTP
61.Net::IMAP
62.Net::SMTP
63.NilClass
64.数字 | Numeric
65.对象 | Object
66.ObjectSpace
67.Observable
68.Open3
69.OpenSSL
70.OpenStruct
71.OpenURI
72.OptionParser
73.路径名 | Pathname
74.完整输出 | PrettyPrint
75.Prime
76.Proc
77.过程 | Process
78.PStore
79.PTY
80.队列 | Queue
81.随机 | Random
82.范围 | Range
83.合理的 | Rational
84.Readline
85.Regexp
86.Resolv
87.Ripper
88.RubyVM
89.Scanf
90.SDBM
91.SecureRandom
92.Set
93.Shell
94.信号 | Signal
95.Singleton
96.套接字 | Socket
97.字符串 | String
98.StringIO
99.StringScanner
100.结构 | Struct