7. Examples and Templates

7.1测试套件实例

下面的测试套件示例显示了数据库服务器的一些测试：

 -module(db_data_type_SUITE).

 -include_lib("common_test/include/ct.hrl").

 %% Test server callbacks
 -export([suite/0, all/0, 
init_per_suite/1, end_per_suite/1,
init_per_testcase/2, end_per_testcase/2]).

 %% Test cases
 -export([string/1, integer/1]).

 -define(CONNECT_STR, "DSN=sqlserver;UID=alladin;PWD=sesame").

 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% COMMON TEST CALLBACK FUNCTIONS
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------

 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Function: suite() -> Info
 %%
 %% Info = [tuple()]
 %%   List of key/value pairs.
 %%
 %% Description: Returns list of tuples to set default properties
 %%              for the suite.
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 suite() -> 
     [{timetrap,{minutes,1}}].  

 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Function: init_per_suite(Config0) -> Config1
 %%
 %% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
 %%   A list of key/value pairs, holding the test case configuration.
 %%
 %% Description: Initialization before the suite.
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 init_per_suite(Config) -> 
     {ok, Ref} = db:connect(?CONNECT_STR, []),
     TableName = db_lib:unique_table_name(),	
     [{con_ref, Ref },{table_name, TableName}| Config]. 

 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Function: end_per_suite(Config) -> term()
 %%
 %% Config = [tuple()]
 %%   A list of key/value pairs, holding the test case configuration.
 %%
 %% Description: Cleanup after the suite.
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 end_per_suite(Config) ->    
     Ref = ?config(con_ref, Config),
     db:disconnect(Ref),
     ok.
 
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Function: init_per_testcase(TestCase, Config0) -> Config1
 %%
 %% TestCase = atom()
 %%   Name of the test case that is about to run.
 %% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
 %%   A list of key/value pairs, holding the test case configuration.
 %%
 %% Description: Initialization before each test case.
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 init_per_testcase(Case, Config) ->
     Ref = ?config(con_ref, Config),   
     TableName = ?config(table_name, Config),
     ok = db:create_table(Ref, TableName, table_type(Case)),
     Config.

 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Function: end_per_testcase(TestCase, Config) -> term()
 %%
 %% TestCase = atom()
 %%   Name of the test case that is finished.
 %% Config = [tuple()]
 %%   A list of key/value pairs, holding the test case configuration.
 %%
 %% Description: Cleanup after each test case.
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 end_per_testcase(_Case, Config) -> 
     Ref = ?config(con_ref, Config),   
     TableName = ?config(table_name, Config),
     ok = db:delete_table(Ref, TableName),   
     ok. 

 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Function: all() -> GroupsAndTestCases
 %%
 %% GroupsAndTestCases = [{group,GroupName} | TestCase]
 %% GroupName = atom()
 %%   Name of a test case group.
 %% TestCase = atom()
 %%   Name of a test case.
 %%
 %% Description: Returns the list of groups and test cases that
 %%              are to be executed.
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 all() ->
     [string, integer]. 


 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% TEST CASES
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------

 string(Config) -> 
     insert_and_lookup(dummy_key, "Dummy string", Config).

 integer(Config) -> 
     insert_and_lookup(dummy_key, 42, Config).


 insert_and_lookup(Key, Value, Config) ->
     Ref = ?config(con_ref, Config),   
     TableName = ?config(table_name, Config),
     ok = db:insert(Ref, TableName, Key, Value),
     [Value] = db:lookup(Ref, TableName, Key),
     ok = db:delete(Ref, TableName, Key),
     [] = db:lookup(Ref, TableName, Key),
     ok.

7.2测试套件模板

Emacs编辑器的Erlang模式包括两个Common Test测试套件模板，一个包含函数头文件中的大量信息，另一个包含最少的信息。测试套件模板提供了从头开始实施套件的快速入门，并对可用的回调函数进行了很好的概述。这两个模板如下：

大型通用测试套件

%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
%%% File    : example_SUITE.erl
%%% Author  : 
%%% Description : 
%%%
%%% Created : 
%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
-module(example_SUITE).

%% Note: This directive should only be used in test suites.
-compile(export_all).

-include_lib("common_test/include/ct.hrl").

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% COMMON TEST CALLBACK FUNCTIONS
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: suite() -> Info
%%
%% Info = [tuple()]
%%   List of key/value pairs.
%%
%% Description: Returns list of tuples to set default properties
%%              for the suite.
%%
%% Note: The suite/0 function is only meant to be used to return
%% default data values, not perform any other operations.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
suite() ->
    [{timetrap,{minutes,10}}].

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: init_per_suite(Config0) ->
%%               Config1 | {skip,Reason} | {skip_and_save,Reason,Config1}
%%
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%%   A list of key/value pairs, holding the test case configuration.
%% Reason = term()
%%   The reason for skipping the suite.
%%
%% Description: Initialization before the suite.
%%
%% Note: This function is free to add any key/value pairs to the Config
%% variable, but should NOT alter/remove any existing entries.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
init_per_suite(Config) ->
    Config.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: end_per_suite(Config0) -> term() | {save_config,Config1}
%%
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%%   A list of key/value pairs, holding the test case configuration.
%%
%% Description: Cleanup after the suite.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
end_per_suite(_Config) ->
    ok.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: init_per_group(GroupName, Config0) ->
%%               Config1 | {skip,Reason} | {skip_and_save,Reason,Config1}
%%
%% GroupName = atom()
%%   Name of the test case group that is about to run.
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%%   A list of key/value pairs, holding configuration data for the group.
%% Reason = term()
%%   The reason for skipping all test cases and subgroups in the group.
%%
%% Description: Initialization before each test case group.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
init_per_group(_GroupName, Config) ->
    Config.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: end_per_group(GroupName, Config0) ->
%%               term() | {save_config,Config1}
%%
%% GroupName = atom()
%%   Name of the test case group that is finished.
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%%   A list of key/value pairs, holding configuration data for the group.
%%
%% Description: Cleanup after each test case group.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
end_per_group(_GroupName, _Config) ->
    ok.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: init_per_testcase(TestCase, Config0) ->
%%               Config1 | {skip,Reason} | {skip_and_save,Reason,Config1}
%%
%% TestCase = atom()
%%   Name of the test case that is about to run.
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%%   A list of key/value pairs, holding the test case configuration.
%% Reason = term()
%%   The reason for skipping the test case.
%%
%% Description: Initialization before each test case.
%%
%% Note: This function is free to add any key/value pairs to the Config
%% variable, but should NOT alter/remove any existing entries.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
init_per_testcase(_TestCase, Config) ->
    Config.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: end_per_testcase(TestCase, Config0) ->
%%               term() | {save_config,Config1} | {fail,Reason}
%%
%% TestCase = atom()
%%   Name of the test case that is finished.
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%%   A list of key/value pairs, holding the test case configuration.
%% Reason = term()
%%   The reason for failing the test case.
%%
%% Description: Cleanup after each test case.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
end_per_testcase(_TestCase, _Config) ->
    ok.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: groups() -> [Group]
%%
%% Group = {GroupName,Properties,GroupsAndTestCases}
%% GroupName = atom()
%%   The name of the group.
%% Properties = [parallel | sequence | Shuffle | {RepeatType,N}]
%%   Group properties that may be combined.
%% GroupsAndTestCases = [Group | {group,GroupName} | TestCase]
%% TestCase = atom()
%%   The name of a test case.
%% Shuffle = shuffle | {shuffle,Seed}
%%   To get cases executed in random order.
%% Seed = {integer(),integer(),integer()}
%% RepeatType = repeat | repeat_until_all_ok | repeat_until_all_fail |
%%              repeat_until_any_ok | repeat_until_any_fail
%%   To get execution of cases repeated.
%% N = integer() | forever
%%
%% Description: Returns a list of test case group definitions.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
groups() ->
    [].

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: all() -> GroupsAndTestCases | {skip,Reason}
%%
%% GroupsAndTestCases = [{group,GroupName} | TestCase]
%% GroupName = atom()
%%   Name of a test case group.
%% TestCase = atom()
%%   Name of a test case.
%% Reason = term()
%%   The reason for skipping all groups and test cases.
%%
%% Description: Returns the list of groups and test cases that
%%              are to be executed.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
all() -> 
    [my_test_case].


%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% TEST CASES
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: TestCase() -> Info
%%
%% Info = [tuple()]
%%   List of key/value pairs.
%%
%% Description: Test case info function - returns list of tuples to set
%%              properties for the test case.
%%
%% Note: This function is only meant to be used to return a list of
%% values, not perform any other operations.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
my_test_case() -> 
    [].

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: TestCase(Config0) ->
%%               ok | exit() | {skip,Reason} | {comment,Comment} |
%%               {save_config,Config1} | {skip_and_save,Reason,Config1}
%%
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%%   A list of key/value pairs, holding the test case configuration.
%% Reason = term()
%%   The reason for skipping the test case.
%% Comment = term()
%%   A comment about the test case that will be printed in the html log.
%%
%% Description: Test case function. (The name of it must be specified in
%%              the all/0 list or in a test case group for the test case
%%              to be executed).
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
my_test_case(_Config) -> 
    ok.

小型通用测试套件

%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
%%% File    : example_SUITE.erl
%%% Author  : 
%%% Description : 
%%%
%%% Created : 
%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
-module(example_SUITE).

-compile(export_all).

-include_lib("common_test/include/ct.hrl").

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: suite() -> Info
%% Info = [tuple()]
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
suite() ->
    [{timetrap,{seconds,30}}].

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: init_per_suite(Config0) ->
%%               Config1 | {skip,Reason} | {skip_and_save,Reason,Config1}
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%% Reason = term()
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
init_per_suite(Config) ->
    Config.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: end_per_suite(Config0) -> term() | {save_config,Config1}
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
end_per_suite(_Config) ->
    ok.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: init_per_group(GroupName, Config0) ->
%%               Config1 | {skip,Reason} | {skip_and_save,Reason,Config1}
%% GroupName = atom()
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%% Reason = term()
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
init_per_group(_GroupName, Config) ->
    Config.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: end_per_group(GroupName, Config0) ->
%%               term() | {save_config,Config1}
%% GroupName = atom()
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
end_per_group(_GroupName, _Config) ->
    ok.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: init_per_testcase(TestCase, Config0) ->
%%               Config1 | {skip,Reason} | {skip_and_save,Reason,Config1}
%% TestCase = atom()
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%% Reason = term()
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
init_per_testcase(_TestCase, Config) ->
    Config.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: end_per_testcase(TestCase, Config0) ->
%%               term() | {save_config,Config1} | {fail,Reason}
%% TestCase = atom()
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%% Reason = term()
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
end_per_testcase(_TestCase, _Config) ->
    ok.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: groups() -> [Group]
%% Group = {GroupName,Properties,GroupsAndTestCases}
%% GroupName = atom()
%% Properties = [parallel | sequence | Shuffle | {RepeatType,N}]
%% GroupsAndTestCases = [Group | {group,GroupName} | TestCase]
%% TestCase = atom()
%% Shuffle = shuffle | {shuffle,{integer(),integer(),integer()}}
%% RepeatType = repeat | repeat_until_all_ok | repeat_until_all_fail |
%%              repeat_until_any_ok | repeat_until_any_fail
%% N = integer() | forever
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
groups() ->
    [].

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: all() -> GroupsAndTestCases | {skip,Reason}
%% GroupsAndTestCases = [{group,GroupName} | TestCase]
%% GroupName = atom()
%% TestCase = atom()
%% Reason = term()
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
all() -> 
    [my_test_case].

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: TestCase() -> Info
%% Info = [tuple()]
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
my_test_case() -> 
    [].

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Function: TestCase(Config0) ->
%%               ok | exit() | {skip,Reason} | {comment,Comment} |
%%               {save_config,Config1} | {skip_and_save,Reason,Config1}
%% Config0 = Config1 = [tuple()]
%% Reason = term()
%% Comment = term()
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
my_test_case(_Config) -> 
    ok.